Occurrence, antimicrobial resistance, and potential zoonosis risk of avian pathogenic Escherichia coli in Indonesia: A review

Review Article

International Journal of One Health, 8(2): 76-85

https://doi.org/10.14202/IJOH.2022.76-85

Freshinta Jellia Wibisono¹, Mustofa Helmi Effendi², and Freshindy Marissa Wibisono³

1. Department of Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wijaya Kusuma Surabaya University, Surabaya, Indonesia.
2. Department of Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Airlangga University, Surabaya, Indonesia.
3. Postgraduate Student in Veterinary Public Health Study, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Airlangga University, Surabaya, Indonesia.

Background and Aim: Avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) causes avian colibacillosis or colibacillosis and is a major endemic disease of poultry worldwide, including in Indonesia. It is characterized by a black proventriculus and can damage other organs, leading to pericarditis, perihepatitis, water sacculitis, mesenteritis, and omphalitis. The APEC strain is one of the six main sub-pathotypes of the extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli (ExPEC) pathotype. The relationship between APEC and infection in humans is questionable. The previous studies have suggested poultry products, including meat and eggs, as a potential source of infection for the transmission of ExPEC disease to humans. Due to the absence of reporting of disease incidents and the lack of literature updates on this disease, it seems as if APEC does not exist in Indonesia. Since bacterial resistance is a growing problem in Indonesia, and globally, the World Health Organization issued a statement regarding the importance of assessing related factors and their control strategies. Antimicrobial resistance, especially multidrug resistance, presents a challenge when treating infectious diseases. In Indonesia, the incidence of resistance to several antimicrobials in cases of avian colibacillosis is high. In addition, avian and human extraintestinal E. coli infections present a potential zoonotic risk. Furthermore, a relationship exists between antibiotic resistance to foodborne bacteria and the occurrence of antibiotic resistance in humans, so the use of antibiotics in the poultry industry must be controlled. Therefore, the One Health strategy should be implemented to prevent the overuse or misuse of antibiotics in the poultry industry. This review aimed to increase awareness of people who are at risk of getting Avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) from poultry by controlling the spread of APEC by maintaining a clean environment and hygienic personnel in poultry farms.

Keywords: antimicrobial resistance, avian pathogenic Escherichia coli, extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli, human health, zoonosis.

How to cite this article: Wibisono FJ, Effendi MH, and Wibisono FM (2022) Occurrence, antimicrobial resistance, and potential zoonosis risk of avian pathogenic Escherichia coli in Indonesia: A review, Int. J. One Health, 8(2): 76–85.

Received: 11-04-2022 Accepted: 01-09-2022 Published online: 27-10-2022

Corresponding author: Mustofa Helmi Effendi E-mail: mheffendi@yahoo.com

DOI: 10.14202/IJOH.2022.76-85

Copyright: Wibisono, et al. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.