Open Access
Research (Published online: 15-04-2024)
13. Synthesis of green-engineered silver nanoparticles using Cymbopogon citratus (lemongrass) and its antibacterial activity against clinical Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Mbarga Manga Joseph Arsene, Anyutoulou Kitio Linda Davares, Sergey Goriainov, Podoprigora Irina Viktorovna, Kezimana Parfait, Smolyakova Larissa Andreevna, Yashina Natalia Vyacheslavovna, Vasilieva Elena Aleksandrovna, Eremina Irina Zdislavovna, Khabadze Zurab Sulikoevich, Kulikova A. Alekseevna, Borekhova Marina Nikolaïevna, and Vodyashkin Andrey
International Journal of One Health, 10(1): 100-113

Mbarga Manga Joseph Arsene: Department of Microbiology, V.S. Kiktenko, Medical Institute, RUDN University Named after Patrice Lumumba, Moscow, Russia; Research Institute of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Medical Institute, RUDN University Named after Patrice Lumumba, Moscow, Russia.
Anyutoulou Kitio Linda Davares: Department of Microbiology, V.S. Kiktenko, Medical Institute, RUDN University Named after Patrice Lumumba, Moscow, Russia.
Sergey Goriainov: Research Institute of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Medical Institute, RUDN University Named after Patrice Lumumba, Moscow, Russia; Research and Educational Resourse Center Pharmacy, RUDN University Named after Patrice Lumumba, Moscow, Russia.
Podoprigora Irina Viktorovna: Department of Microbiology, V.S. Kiktenko, Medical Institute, RUDN University Named after Patrice Lumumba, Moscow, Russia; 2. Research Institute of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Medical Institute, RUDN University Named after Patrice Lumumba, Moscow, Russia.
Kezimana Parfait: Agrarian Institute, RUDN University Named after Patrice Lumumba, Moscow, Russia.
Smolyakova Larissa Andreevna: Department of Microbiology, V.S. Kiktenko, Medical Institute, RUDN University Named after Patrice Lumumba, Moscow, Russia.
Yashina Natalia Vyacheslavovna: Department of Microbiology, V.S. Kiktenko, Medical Institute, RUDN University Named after Patrice Lumumba, Moscow, Russia.
Vasilieva Elena Aleksandrovna: Department of Microbiology, V.S. Kiktenko, Medical Institute, RUDN University Named after Patrice Lumumba, Moscow, Russia.
Eremina Irina Zdislavovna: Department of Histology, Cytology and Embryology, Peoples Friendship University of Russia Named after Patrice Lumumba (RUDN University), Moscow, Russia.
Khabadze Zurab Sulikoevich: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Medical Institute, Peoples Friendship University of Russia Named after Patrice Lumumba (RUDN University), Moscow, Russia.
Kulikova A. Alekseevna: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Medical Institute, Peoples Friendship University of Russia Named after Patrice Lumumba (RUDN University), Moscow, Russia.
Borekhova Marina Nikolaïevna: Department of Microbiology, V.S. Kiktenko, Medical Institute, RUDN University Named after Patrice Lumumba, Moscow, Russia.
Vodyashkin Andrey: Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education, Bauman Moscow State Technical University, Moscow, Russia.

doi: 10.14202/IJOH.2024.100-113

Article history: Received: 30-11-2023, Accepted: 16-02-2024, Published online: 15-04-2024

Corresponding author: Mbarga Manga Joseph Arsene

E-mail: josepharsenembarga@yahoo.fr

Citation: Arsene MMJ, Davares AKL, Goriainov S, Viktorovna PI, Parfait K, Andreevna SL, Vyacheslavovna YN, Aleksandrovna VE, Zdislavovna EI, Sulikoevich KZ, Alekseevna KA, and Nikolaïevna BM (2024) Synthesis of green-engineered silver nanoparticles using Cymbopogon citratus (lemongrass) and its antibacterial activity against clinical Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Int. J. One Health, 10(1): 100-113.
Abstract

Background and Aim: The use of bioengineered nanocomposites as antimicrobials has increased in recent years, but very few investigations have been conducted to test their effectiveness against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a pathogen presenting public health risks that can impact both humans and animals. The aim of this study was to assess the antimicrobial potential of phytofabricated silver nanoparticles synthesized using lemongrass extract against clinical isolates of P. aeruginosa.

Materials and Methods: The extraction of active compounds from the leaves of Cymbopogon citratus was performed using ethanol (80%) as a solvent, high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry was used to analyze the chemical composition of the extract, the synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) was done using silver nitrate (AgNO3) as a precursor, and the antimicrobial and antibiofilm activity of the extract and the AgNPs phytofabricated was assessed against 10 clinical strains of P. aeruginosa.

Results: Lemongrass extract was found to consist of the following main compounds: Caffeic acid (445.21 ± 32.77 μg/g), p-coumaric acid (393.32 ± 39.56 μg/g), chlorogenic acid (377.65 ± 4.26 μg/g), quinic acid (161.52 ± 17.62 μg/g), and quercetin-3-glucoside (151.35 ± 11.34 μg/g). AgNPs were successfully phytofabricated using 2.5 mM AgNO3. The ultraviolet (UV)-visible absorption spectra of the AgNPs showed a localized surface plasmon resonance at 464 nm with an absorbance of 0.32 A. The 50x hydrodynamic diameter was 50.29 nm with a surface area value of 120.10 m2/ cm3, and the volume mean diameter and Sauter mean diameter were 50.63 nm and 49.96 nm, respectively. Despite the compound found in lemongrass extract, no antimicrobial activity was observed with the extract, while AgNPs exhibited noteworthy dose-dependent antimicrobial activity with inhibition diameters up to 24 mm and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration ranging from 2 to 16 and 4–64 µg/mL, respectively. AgNPs also demonstrated significant antibiofilm activity by inhibiting biofilms up to 99% between MIC/2 and 2MIC.

Conclusion: The present study suggests that lemongrass is a good candidate for the synthesis of AgNPs with good physicochemical characteristics and having a strong anti-pseudomonas activity. Further research is needed to assess the stability and safety of these AgNPs.

Keywords: antibiofilm capacity, antimicrobial activity, green synthesis, lemongrass, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, silver nanoparticles.